The two painted areas on this table are not painted separately, and that is a decision made before a brush is loaded.
The garland round the top and the posy on the pedestal panel are the same flowers, and if they are painted at different times from different references they diverge - the roses on the base end up a shade cooler, the leaves a different shape, and the table reads as two pieces of decoration that happen to share a colour. It is exactly the sort of thing nobody can name and everybody senses.
So our painter sets both pieces up together and works from one arrangement, moving between the top and the base rather than finishing one and then starting the other. The same mixed colours are used on both while they are still on the palette, so the greens and the pinks are literally identical rather than matched.
The painting goes on after the ground has fully cured and before the clear coats, so it sits inside the finish rather than on top of it. That is what makes it durable on a dining surface - a wipe cleans the table without touching the flowers, because there is finish between the cloth and the paint.
Then it is signed on the underside of the top, where it will still be there in fifty years.